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Breads & baking

Bread

Also called buns

Bread is made from dough of flour and water, sometimes with yeast, salt, baking soda, milk, egg, or sugar. It has a firm texture. Cooks toast it dry, use it as a garnish or stuffing, or use it to thicken dishes; it pairs with butter and olive oil.

  • May contain egg
  • May contain dairy
  • May contain milk

About the plain ingredient, not packaged products; general information, not medical advice. Details

Texture
Firm
Cooked most in
Europe, The Americas, Asia
Top country
Italy
Bread, cooked

Photo: Bake Across Europe · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons

In the kitchen

How to use bread

Typical ways to cook or use it

  • Dry toast
  • Garnish
  • Stuff
  • Thicken

Made from

Preparing it

For French toast, soak bread in egg and milk before frying.

Goes well with

Flavour

Taste and texture

Texture

  • Firm

Around the world

Where bread is cooked

31 dishes in the catalogue use bread. Here is where they come from.

Dishes by continent

Countries whose dishes use it most

Counts are catalogued dishes from each country that list bread among their ingredients.

Origins

  1. 6,000 BCE · Western Asia

    Leavened bread was baked in southern Mesopotamia as early as 6000 BC.

  2. 1961

    The Chorleywood process was developed to speed up bread production.

On the table

Dishes made with bread

24 of the 31 catalogued dishes that use it, spread across the countries they come from.
  • Serviettenknödel

    Austria, Czechia, Germany

  • Alligator po' boy

    United States

  • Migas alentejanas

    Portugal

  • Pissaladière

    France, Italy

  • Potechi pan

    Japan

  • Gefilte fish

  • Crostini

    Italy

  • Ekmek kadayıfı

    Türkiye

  • Fried bread

  • Hevrîşk

  • Migas

    Spain

  • Monte Cristo sandwich

    United States

  • Açorda

    Portugal

  • Leberknödel

    Austria, Germany

  • Brissaouda

    France

  • Pizzarello

    Italy

  • Crawfish bread

    United States

  • Ribollita

    Italy

  • Roast beef po' boys

    United States

  • Lampredotto

    Italy

  • Walleye sandwich

    United States

  • Tramezzino

    Italy

  • Fouée

  • Patranque

Dish lists come from Wikidata; a dish counts when its recorded ingredients include bread.

Good to know

Diet and allergens: bread in detail

These notes describe the plain ingredient. Packaged and prepared products vary, so read the label; for allergies and medical diets ask a doctor or dietitian.
Allergens
Sometimes eggs (only when the optional ingredient is used)Sometimes milk (only when the optional ingredient is used)
Animal origin
Sometimes egg (only when the optional ingredient is used)Sometimes dairy (only when the optional ingredient is used)

Family

Related forms

Made from it
bread crumbs (crushed), crouton (toasted)

Around the world

What bread is called

Names in 266 languages, from Wikidata.
  • Spanish

    pan

  • French

    pain

  • Italian

    pane

  • Portuguese

    pão

  • German

    Brot

  • Dutch

    brood

  • Greek

    ψωμί

  • Turkish

    ekmek

  • Russian

    хлеб

  • Polish

    chleb

  • Arabic

    خبز

  • Persian

    نان

Show all 266 languages
  • Abkhazian

    мгьал · ача

  • Afar

    gaqambo

  • Afrikaans

    brood

  • Akan

    paano

  • Akan

    brodo

  • Albanian

    bukë · buka

  • Algerian Arabic

    خبز · كسرة

  • Amharic

    ዳቦ

  • Ancient Greek

    ἄρτος

  • Angika

    रोटी

  • Aragonese

    pan

  • Aramaic

    לחמא · ܠܚܡܐ

  • Armenian

    հաց

  • Aromanian

    pâni

  • Arpitan

    pane

  • Assamese

    পাউৰুটী

  • Asturian

    pan

  • Atikamekw

    tcipa

  • Awadhi

    डबलरोटी

  • Aymara

    t'ant'a

  • azb

    چؤرک

  • Azerbaijani

    çörək

  • Bambara

    buuru

  • Bangla

    রুটি

  • Banjar

    roti

  • Basaa

    bɛɖɛɛ̀

  • Bashkir

    икмәк

  • Basque

    ogi · ogi opil · ogi zahar

  • Bavarian

    Brod

  • Belarusian

    хлеб

  • Belarusian (Taraskievica orthography)

    хлеб

  • Betawi

    Roti

  • Bikol

    tinapay

  • Bosnian

    hljeb

  • Breton

    bara

  • Bulgarian

    хляб

  • Buriat

    талхан

  • Burmese

    နံပြား · ပေါင်မုန့် · ပါမုန့်

  • Cantonese

    包 · 包點

  • Catalan

    pa

  • cdo

    Miêng-bău

  • Central Atlas Tamazight

    ⴰⵖⵔⵓⵎ

  • Central Kurdish

    نان

  • Chechen

    бепиг

  • Cherokee

    ᎦᏚ

  • Cheyenne

    kóhkonêhëö'o

  • Chinese

    麵包 · 面包 · 麭

  • Church Slavic

    хлѣбъ

  • Chuvash

    çăкăр

  • Colognian

    Brut

  • Cornish

    bara

  • Corsican

    pane

  • Cree

    ᐲᐧᓭᐋᐃᐦᑯᓈᐤ

  • Crimean Tatar

    ötmek

  • Crimean Tatar (Latin)

    ötmek

  • Croatian

    kruh

  • Czech

    chléb · chleba

  • dag

    boroboro · Panu

  • Danish

    brød

  • Egyptian Arabic

    عيش

  • Emilian

    pane

  • eml

    pane

  • Erzya

    кши

  • Esperanto

    pano

  • Estonian

    leib

  • Ewe

    abolo

  • Extremaduran

    pan

  • Faroese

    breyð

  • Fiji Hindi

    bared

  • Fijian

    madrai

  • Filipino

    tinapay

  • Finnish

    leipä

  • Frafra

    Borebori · Paanɔ

  • Friulian

    pan

  • Gagauz

    ekmek

  • Galician

    pan

  • Gan Chinese

    麵包

  • gcr

    dipen

  • Georgian

    პური

  • Gothic

    𐌷𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍆𐍃

  • Guarani

    mbujape

  • Gujarati

    રોટલી

  • Haitian Creole

    pen · Pen

  • Hakka Chinese

    mien-pâu

  • Hausa

    gurasa · Mummuki

  • Hawaiian

    palaoa

  • Hebrew

    לחם

  • Hindi

    डबलरोटी

  • Hungarian

    kenyér

  • hyw

    հացին գիւտը

  • Icelandic

    brauð

  • Ido

    pano

  • Igbo

    achicha · Breads & Buns

  • Iloko

    tinapay

  • Inari Sami

    láibi

  • Indonesian

    roti

  • Ingush

    маькх

  • Interlingua

    pan

  • Interlingue

    pane

  • Inuktitut

    ᕿᖂᔭᖅ

  • Inupiaq

    punniq

  • Irish

    arán

  • isv

    Hlěb

  • Jamaican Creole English

    bred

  • Japanese

    パン · フリェープ · ブレッド

  • Javanese

    roti

  • Kabyle

    aɣṛum

  • Kalaallisut

    iffiaq

  • Kalmyk

    өдмг

  • Kannada

    ಬ್ರೆಡ್ · ರೊಟ್ಟಿ

  • Kanuri

    Bread

  • Kara-Kalpak

    nan

  • Karachay-Balkar

    ётмек

  • Kashubian

    chléb

  • Kazakh

    нан

  • kbp

    kpɔnɔ

  • kge

    Roti

  • Khmer

    នំប៉័ង · នំបុ័ង

  • Kikuyu

    mugate

  • Kinyarwanda

    umugati

  • Kongo

    pane

  • Korean

    빵

  • Kurdish

    nan

  • kus

    Bodobodo

  • Kyrgyz

    нан

  • Ladino

    pan

  • Lao

    ເຂົ້າຈີ່ · ຂນົມປັງ · ປັງ

  • Latgalian

    maize

  • Latin

    panis

  • Latvian

    maize

  • Lezghian

    фу

  • Ligurian

    pane

  • Limburgish

    broed

  • Lingala

    límpa

  • Lingua Franca Nova

    pan

  • Literary Chinese

    麭

  • Lithuanian

    duona

  • lld

    Pan

  • Lojban

    nanba

  • Lombard

    pan

  • Low German

    Broot

  • Low Saxon

    brood

  • Lower Sorbian

    klěb

  • Luxembourgish

    Brout

  • Macedonian

    леб

  • Malagasy

    mofo · dipaina

  • Malay

    roti

  • Malay (Arabic)

    روتي

  • Malayalam

    റൊട്ടി

  • Maltese

    ħobż

  • Manipuri

    ꯇꯜ

  • Manx

    arran

  • Māori

    parāoa

  • Marathi

    पाव

  • Min Nan Chinese

    pháng · mī-pau

  • Min Nan Chinese (Traditional)

    麭

  • Minangkabau

    roti

  • Mirandese

    pan

  • Moksha

    кши

  • Mongolian

    талх

  • Mossi

    buri

  • Navajo

    bááh

  • Neapolitan

    ppane

  • Nepali

    रोटी

  • Newari

    मरी

  • Northern Frisian

    Bruad

  • Northern Sami

    láibi

  • Northern Sotho

    Borotho

  • Norwegian Bokmål

    brød · Brød

  • Norwegian Nynorsk

    brød

  • Novial

    pane

  • nrm

    pane

  • Occitan

    pan

  • Odia

    ପାଓରୁଟୀ

  • Old English

    hlāf

  • olo

    leiby

  • Oromo

    daabboo

  • Ossetic

    дзул

  • Ottoman Turkish

    اكمك · چورک · نان · خبز

  • Papiamento

    pan

  • Pashto

    ډوډۍ

  • Pennsylvania German

    Brot

  • Picard

    pane

  • Piedmontese

    pane

  • Pontic

    ψωμίν

  • Punjabi

    ਬਰੈਡ

  • Quechua

    t'anta

  • Riffian

    aɣṛum

  • rki

    ပေါင်မုန့်

  • rmf

    maaro · brootos

  • Romanian

    pâine · chifle

  • Romansh

    paun

  • Romany

    Manrho

  • rsk

    Хлєб

  • Rundi

    Umukate

  • Rusyn

    хлїб

  • Samogitian

    douna

  • Sanskrit

    रोटी

  • Santali

    ᱯᱤᱴᱷᱟ.

  • Sardinian

    pane

  • Scots

    breid

  • Scottish Gaelic

    aran

  • Serbian

    хлеб

  • Serbian (Cyrillic)

    хлеб

  • Serbian (Latin)

    hljeb · kruh

  • Serbian (Latin)

    hleb

  • Shona

    chingwa

  • Sicilian

    pani

  • Silesian

    chlyb

  • Simplified Chinese

    面包

  • Simplified Chinese (China)

    面包

  • Simplified Chinese (Malaysia)

    面包

  • Simplified Chinese (Singapore)

    面包

  • Sindhi

    ڊبل روٽي

  • Sinhala

    පාන්

  • Skolt Sami

    leiʹbb

  • Slovak

    chlieb

  • Slovenian

    kruh

  • Somali

    rooti

  • Southern Sami

    laejpie

  • Southern Sotho

    bohobe

  • Sranan Tongo

    brede

  • Standard Moroccan Tamazight

    ⴰⵖⵔⵓⵎ

  • Sundanese

    roti

  • Swahili

    mkate

  • Swedish

    bröd

  • Swiss German

    Brot

  • Swiss High German

    Brot

  • syl

    ꠟꠥꠚ

  • Tachelhit

    aɣrum

  • Tahitian

    faraoa

  • Tajik

    нон · чӯрак‍

  • Tamil

    வெதுப்பி

  • Tatar

    ипи · икмәк · әпи · әпәй

  • Telugu

    రొట్టె

  • Tetum

    paun

  • Thai

    ขนมปัง

  • Toki Pona

    pan

  • Traditional Chinese

    麵包

  • Traditional Chinese (Hong Kong SAR China)

    麪包 · 麵包

  • Traditional Chinese (Macao SAR China)

    麪包

  • Traditional Chinese (Taiwan)

    麵包

  • Tumbuka

    chingwa

  • Turkmen

    çörek

  • Udmurt

    нянь

  • Ukrainian

    хліб

  • Upper Sorbian

    chlěb

  • Urdu

    روٹی · نان

  • Uyghur

    نان

  • Uzbek

    non

  • Venetian

    pan

  • Veps

    leib

  • Vietnamese

    bánh mì · bánh mỳ · bánh tây

  • Volapük

    bod

  • Võro

    leib

  • Walloon

    pwin

  • Waray

    karan-on

  • Wayuu

    Pan

  • Welsh

    bara

  • West Flemish

    pane

  • Western Frisian

    bôle

  • Western Mari

    киндӹ

  • Western Panjabi

    بریڈ · ڈبل روٹی

  • Wolof

    mburu

  • Wu Chinese

    面包

  • Yakut

    килиэп

  • Yiddish

    ברויט

  • Zaza

    Nan

  • Zhuang

    Mienhbau

  • Zulu

    isinkwa

Sources and credits

Data

  • GlobeCooks editorial: descriptions, kitchen notes and classification, written by GlobeCooks from checked sources
  • Wikidata: names, classification and dishes (CC0 1.0)
  • Wikimedia Commons: photos
  • Wikipedia (English) (CC BY-SA 4.0)

Wikidata item: Q7802

Photos

Photo: Bake Across Europe · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons