Flour

Flour is treated as a starch in cooking. Cooks use it for baking and thickening.

Category: Grains, flours & pasta
Cooked most in: Asia, Europe, Africa
Top country: Indonesia
Dishes: 75 in the catalogue

Photo: Famartin · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons

In the kitchen

How to use flour

Typical ways to cook or use it

Bake
Thicken

Cooking with it

Higher-protein flour tends to make bread crispier or chewier. Lower-protein flour is better suited to cakes, cookies and pie crusts. Whole-grain flour dough generally needs more water than dough made with refined flour.

Around the world

Where flour is cooked

75 dishes in the catalogue use flour. Here is where they come from.

Dishes by continent

Countries whose dishes use it most

Counts are catalogued dishes from each country that list flour among their ingredients.

Origins

1786 · United Kingdom
The first steam-powered flour mill was completed in London.

On the table

Dishes made with flour

48 of the 75 catalogued dishes that use it, spread across the countries they come from.

Goulash
Timphan
Indonesia
Kaspressknödel
Austria
Lemon ricotta pancakes
United States
Danwake
Nigeria
Jallullo
Spain
Brussels waffle
Belgium
Pizza funghi
Italy
Takoyaki
Japan
Kotlet schabowy
Poland
Achma
Georgia
Creamy porridge
Montenegro
Düğün çorbası
Türkiye
Tarana
North Macedonia
Baba-sharpanyna
Ukraine
Sochen'
Ajmokac
Lakh
Senegal
Lohikeitto
Finland
Mertoxe
Şekerpare
Tsybryki
Belarus
Älme
Kazakhstan
Bamba
Israel
Lokma
Egypt, Greece, Iraq, Syria, Türkiye
Lokša
Slovakia
Slemang
Malaysia
Sohlob
Algeria
Bika Ambon
Indonesia
Sardenaira
Italy
Sour rye soup
Poland
Desperation pie
United States
Krupky
Ukraine
Bokpe
Kazakhstan
Hormigo
Spain
Kuftesîr
Pişmaniye
Türkiye
Rfiss
Algeria
Shkedei marak
Israel
Pempek
Indonesia
Rufioi
Italy
Pancake
United States
Syrniki
Eastern Europe, Ukraine
Pempek Kapal Selam
Indonesia
Red velvet cake
United States
Roti buaya
Indonesia
Dadar gulung
Indonesia
Putri salju cake
Indonesia

Dish lists come from Wikidata; a dish counts when its recorded ingredients include flour.

Family

Related forms

Kinds: maize flour, rice flour, rye flour, salep

Around the world

What flour is called

Names in 178 languages, from Wikidata.

Spanish
harina
French
farine
Italian
farina
Portuguese
farinha
German
Mehl · Universales Mehl · Universalmehl · Glattes Mehl
Dutch
meel · tarwemeel · tarwebloem · bloem
Greek
αλεύρι · άλευρον · άλευρο · άλευρα
Turkish
un
Russian
мука · мука́
Polish
mąka
Arabic
طحين · الدقيق · الطحين · دقيق
Persian
آرد

Show all 178 languages

Afrikaans
meel
Akan
esam
Albanian
mielli
Ancient Greek
ἄλευρον
Aragonese
farina
Aramaic
ܩܰܡܚܳܐ · qamḥo
Armenian
ալյուր
Aromanian
fârinâ
Asturian
fariña · farina
Atikamekw
napanew
Awadhi
मैदा
Aymara
aku
azb
اون
Azerbaijani
un
Bambara
farinimugu
Bangla
আটা · ময়দা
Banjar
galapung · gelapung
Bashkir
он
Basque
irin · Hirin
Bavarian
Mej · Möh · Mehj · Mäih
Belarusian
мука
Belarusian (Taraskievica orthography)
мука
Bhojpuri
आटा
Brazilian Portuguese
farinha
Breton
bleud
Bulgarian
брашно
Buriat
гурил
Burmese
မှုန့်
Cantonese
榖粉
Catalan
farina
Cebuano
arina
Central Kurdish
ئارد · كفته‌
Chechen
дама
Cherokee
ᎤᏣᎴᏍᏓ
Chinese
穀粉 · 麵粉
Church Slavic
мѫка · ⰿⱘⰽⰰ
Chuvash
çăнăх
Cornish
bleus
Corsican
farina
Croatian
brašno
Czech
mouka
dag
zim
Danish
mel
Dzongkha
གྲོ་ཞིབ་
Erzya
почт
Esperanto
faruno
Estonian
jahu
Faroese
mjøl
Fijian
falawa
Filipino
arina · harina
Finnish
jauho · jauhot · jälkijauhot · ydinjauhot
Frafra
zom
Friulian
farine
Galician
fariña
Georgian
ფქვილი
Guarani
hu'itĩ
Gujarati
લોટ
Haitian Creole
farin
Hausa
gari · fulawa
Hebrew
קמח · קמח חיטה · קמח תפוחי אדמה
Hindi
आटा · मैदा
Hungarian
liszt
hyw
ալիւր
Icelandic
mjöl
Ido
farino
Indonesian
tepung
Ingush
хьоар
Interlingua
farina
Inuktitut
ᐸᓚᐅᒑᖅ · palaugaaq
Inupiaq
palauvak
Irish
plúr
Japanese
穀粉 · 穀物粉
Javanese
glepung
Kabyle
an
Kannada
ಹಿಟ್ಟು
Kazakh
ұн
kge
golpung
Khmer
ម្សៅ
Kinyarwanda
fu
Korean
곡분 · 곡물가루
Kurdish
ar · ئارد
kus
zɔ’ɔm
Kyrgyz
ун
Lao
ແປ້ງ
Latgalian
mylti
Latin
farina
Latvian
milti
Lezghian
гъуьр
Limburgish
mael
Lingala
falíni
Lithuanian
miltai
Lombard
farina
Low Saxon
mael
Lower Sorbian
muka
Luxembourgish
Miel
Macedonian
брашно
Madurese
teppong
Malagasy
koba
Malay
tepung
Malay (Arabic)
تڤوڠ
Malayalam
മാവു
Maltese
dqiq
Manx
flooyr
Māori
puehu parāoa · parāoa
Marathi
पीठ
mcn
fùttà
Minangkabau
tapuang
Moksha
почф
Mongolian
гурил
Moroccan Arabic
طحين · دگيگ
nah
yōltextli
Navajo
akʼáán
Nepali
पिठो · आटो
Newari
चुं
Norwegian Bokmål
mel · Idealmel · mjøl · hvetemjøl
Norwegian Nynorsk
mjøl
Occitan
farina
Odia
ଅଟା
Ossetic
ссад · ыссад · инсад · æнсад
Papiamento
ariña · hariña
Punjabi
ਆਟਾ
Quechua
hak'u · haku · kuta
Romanian
făină · făina
Romansh
farina
Samogitian
miltā
Sanskrit
पिष्टानि
Scots
floor
Scottish Gaelic
flùr · min · flur
Serbian
брашно
Serbian (Cyrillic)
брашно
Serbian (Latin)
brašno
Sicilian
farina
Silesian
myjl
Simplified Chinese
谷粉
Sindhi
اٽو
Sinhala
පිටි
Slovak
múka
Slovenian
moka
Somali
bur
Sranan Tongo
bron · grin
Sundanese
tipung
Swahili
unga
Swedish
mjöl · färskmjöl
Swiss German
Mehl
Tajik
орд
Tamil
மாவு
Tatar
он
Tatar (Cyrillic)
он
Telugu
పిండి · పొడి · చూర్ణం
Thai
แป้งประกอบอาหาร
Traditional Chinese
穀粉
Tumbuka
wufu
Turkmen
un · uun
Ukrainian
борошно
Upper Sorbian
muka · mučka
Urdu
آٹا
Uyghur
ئۇن
Uzbek
un
Venetian
farina
Veps
jauh
Vietnamese
bột
Walloon
farene
Waray
harina
Welsh
blawd · fflwr
West Flemish
blomme · blomme (groan)
Western Frisian
moal
Western Panjabi
آٹا
Wolof
sunguf
Wu Chinese
面粉
Xhosa
umgubo
Yakut
бурдук
Yiddish
מעל · מעהל
Zaza
ardi

Sources and credits

Data

GlobeCooks editorial: descriptions, kitchen notes and classification, written by GlobeCooks from checked sources
Wikidata: names, classification and dishes (CC0 1.0)
Wikimedia Commons: photos
Wikipedia (English) (CC BY-SA 4.0)

Wikidata item: Q36465

Photos